I will admit that it's been a long time since I thought about any of this stuff, but here's a few articles I grabbed quick to support my earlier statement.
http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/GREECE/ARCHAIC.HTM)
http://ancienthistory.about.com/library/weekly/aa121200a.htm)
http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/GREECE/SPARTA.HTM)
Athens and Sparta were two GREEK CITY-STATES. Athens is remembered as being a "democracy" and Sparta as being a militaristic society. Neither of which is remembered for giving women exceptional rights (they would probably be comparable to neighboring city states, or other cultures in that part of the ancient world, most of which were male-centered or dominated).
It was commonly held that a woman's place is in the home (wealthy women probably had it alright, but usually only prostitutes or slave women were seen in public... the public sphere being the "man's place"). These values may have carried over into Roman society, since they upheld Greece in very high esteem (they romanticised the period, much like it was in later periods by other cultures).
Allowing men and women to work together is no excuse for rape. Men and women work together in other professions, and it isn't seen as inviting rape. Perhaps if this is a problem in the military something should be done about it, but when you look at it that way, it shouldn't somehow be expected.